今日打开 VMWare 虚拟机开启 Ubuntu21.10 系统，系统无法正常联网。通过 ifconfig 查看网络接口信息如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ ifconfig lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 598 bytes 43498 (43.4 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 598 bytes 43498 (43.4 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
上面输出信息中，只有一个 lo 回路网络接口。
我们可以使用命令查看当前系统下面所有的网络接口，命令如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ ifconfig -a ens33: flags=4163<BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe58:526 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:58:05:26 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 9 bytes 925 (925.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 1102 bytes 79962 (79.9 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 1102 bytes 79962 (79.9 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
上面显示有两个网络接口，分别是 ens33 和 lo（回路）。
此时，我们可以使用命令启动 enss33 网络接口，命令如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ sudo ifconfig ens33 up [sudo] password for hxstrive:
再次使用 ifconfig 命令查看网络接口信息，命令如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe58:526 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:58:05:26 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 9 bytes 925 (925.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 599 bytes 43571 (43.5 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 599 bytes 43571 (43.5 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
遗憾的是，ens33 网络接口依然没有分配IP地址。
此时，使用命令动态分配IP，命令如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ sudo dhclient ens33
再次使用 ifconfig 命令查看网络接口信息，命令如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.116.134 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.116.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe58:526 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:58:05:26 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 106 bytes 8900 (8.9 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 43 bytes 5691 (5.6 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 1084 bytes 78109 (78.1 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 1084 bytes 78109 (78.1 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
最后，通过 ping 命令验证网络是否可用，命令如下：
hxstrive@course:~/Desktop$ ping www.baidu.com PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.39) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=43.4 ms 64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=42.2 ms ^C --- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 42.240/42.797/43.355/0.557 ms
