访问 https://nginx.org/en/download.html 地址，根据需要下载合适版本。笔者这里通过 wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz 命令下载 1.20.2，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz --2023-02-01 16:56:33-- https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz Resolving nginx.org (nginx.org)... 3.125.197.172, 52.58.199.22, 2a05:d014:edb:5702::6, ... Connecting to nginx.org (nginx.org)|3.125.197.172|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 1062124 (1.0M) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz’ nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz 100%[====================================================================================================>] 1.01M 50.1KB/s in 21s 2023-02-01 16:56:55 (49.4 KB/s) - ‘nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz’ saved [1062124/1062124]
下载成功后，使用 ls 命令查看安装包名称，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~$ ls nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
再使用 tar -xvzf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz 命令解压安装包，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~$ tar -xvzf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz nginx-1.20.2/ nginx-1.20.2/auto/ nginx-1.20.2/conf/ nginx-1.20.2/contrib/ ...
进入到安装包解压目录，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~$ cd nginx-1.20.2/ hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ ls CHANGES CHANGES.ru LICENSE README auto conf configure contrib html man src
使用 configure 命令预编译 nginx，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ ./configure checking for OS + Linux 5.15.79.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 11.3.0 (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found ... ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
编译出错了，这是因为 HTTP 重定向模块需要 PCRE 库，通过下面命令安装：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done libpcre3 is already the newest version (2:8.39-13ubuntu0.22.04.1). libpcre3 set to manually installed. ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
继续使用 configure 命令进行预编译，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ ./configure checking for OS + Linux 5.15.79.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 11.3.0 (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ... ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
编译出错了，这是因为 HTTP gzip 模块需要 zlib 库，通过下面命令安装：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: ... Unpacking libssl-dev:amd64 (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.7) ... Setting up libssl-dev:amd64 (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.7) ...
再次尝试使用 configure 进行预编译，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ ./configure checking for OS + Linux 5.15.79.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 11.3.0 (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ... nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx" nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules" nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf" nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
恭喜你，预编译成功了。上面输出信息告诉了我们 nginx 安装的基础路径在 /usr/local/nginx 目录，二进制 nginx 文件位于 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx，配置位于 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf。
预编译通过后，可以使用 make 命令进行正式编译，即将源码编译成可执行的二进制文件。如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ make make -f objs/Makefile make[1]: Entering directory '/home/hxstrive/nginx-1.20.2' cc -c -pipe -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs -o objs/src/core/nginx.o src/core/nginx.c ... objs/ngx_modules.o -lcrypt -lpcre -lz -Wl,-E sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8 make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/hxstrive/nginx-1.20.2'
编译成功后，再使用 make install 命令将 nginx 安装到指定位置，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ sudo make install make -f objs/Makefile install make[1]: Entering directory '/home/hxstrive/nginx-1.20.2' test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx' ... make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/hxstrive/nginx-1.20.2'
使用 whereis 命令查看 nginx 安装位置，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:~/nginx-1.20.2$ whereis nginx nginx: /usr/local/nginx
查看 nginx 版本信息，如下：
hxstrive@hxstrive:/usr/local/nginx$ ./sbin/nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.20.2
