本文将介绍怎样利用 <select> 标签的 resultMap 属性引用 <resultMap> 标签,实现 MyBatis 的结果映射。
结果映射是 MyBatis 最强大的特性,如果你对其理解透彻,许多复杂的映射问题都能迎刃而解。
注意:<select> 标签的 resultType 和 resultMap 属性只能同时使用一个。而且,本章节不介绍 <resultMap> 标签的具体用法,你只需了知道 <resultMap> 标签用于结果集映射即可,后续章节将详细介绍 <resultMap> 标签的用法。
本实例将分别介绍单张表数据查询结果映射,和一个复杂的SQL查询结果映射(即多张表进行JOIN查询结果)。
(1)首先配置MyBatis,MyBatis 配置文件 mybatis-cfg.xml 文件内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="database.properties"/>
<environments default="MySqlDatabase" >
<environment id="MySqlDatabase" >
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/hxstrive/mybatis/select/demo2/UserMapper.xml" />
</mappers>
</configuration>上面配置只是简单的配置了数据源和Mapper文件资源。
(2)定义 Mapper 接口,下面将定义两个接口,第一个根据用户ID查询用户信息(单表查询),第二个根据用ID查询用户拥有的书籍(多表查询)。UserMapper.java 文件内容如下:
package com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
/** 根据ID查询用户信息 */
UserBean getUserById(@Param("userId") int userId);
/** 根据用户ID查询用户拥有的书籍信息 */
List<UserBookBean> getUserBook(@Param("userId") int userId);
}(3)根据 Mapper 接口编写 Mapper XML 文件。UserMapper.xml 文件内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2.UserMapper">
<!-- 映射结果 -->
<resultMap id="RESULT_MAP" type="com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2.UserBean">
<id column="user_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="userId" />
<result column="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="name" />
<result column="sex" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="sex" />
<result column="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age" />
</resultMap>
<!-- 根据ID查询用户信息 -->
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultMap="RESULT_MAP">
select `user_id`, `name`, `sex`, `age`
from `user`
where `user_id`=#{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</select>
<!-- 结果映射 -->
<resultMap id="RESULT_MAP2" type="com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2.UserBookBean">
<id column="user_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="userId" />
<result column="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="username" />
<result column="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age" />
<result column="book_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="bookName" />
<result column="price" jdbcType="DOUBLE" property="price" />
</resultMap>
<!-- 根据用户ID查询用户拥有的书籍信息 -->
<select id="getUserBook" parameterType="int" resultMap="RESULT_MAP2">
SELECT u.user_id, u.`name` as username, u.age, b.book_name, b.price
FROM `user` u
join `user_book` ub on u.user_id=ub.user_id
join `book` b on b.book_id=ub.book_id
where u.user_id=#{userId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</select>
</mapper>(4)分别定义单表和多表查询结果JavaBean。如下:
a、UserBean.java
package com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2;
public class UserBean {
private Integer userId;
private String name;
private String sex;
private Integer age;
// 忽略 setter 和 getter
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserBean{" +
"userId=" + userId +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}b、UserBookBean.java
package com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2;
public class UserBookBean {
private int userId;
private String username;
private int age;
private String bookName;
private float price;
// 忽略 setter 和 getter
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserBookBean{" +
"userId=" + userId +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
'}';
}
}(5)客户端,调用定义的接口。如下:
package com.hxstrive.mybatis.select.demo2;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class SelectDemo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String cfgName = "com/hxstrive/mybatis/select/demo2/mybatis-cfg.xml";
InputStream input = Resources.getResourceAsStream(cfgName);
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder factoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlFactory = factoryBuilder.build(input);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlFactory.openSession(true);
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
// 单表查询
UserBean userBean = userMapper.getUserById(1);
System.out.println(userBean);
// 多表查询
List<UserBookBean> userBookBeanList = userMapper.getUserBook(1);
for(UserBookBean userBookBean : userBookBeanList) {
System.out.println(userBookBean);
}
}
}运行结果如下:
UserBean{userId=1, name='张三', sex='男', age=28}
UserBookBean{userId=1, username='张三', age=28, bookName='《Java编程思想》', price=85.5}
UserBookBean{userId=1, username='张三', age=28, bookName='《编码》', price=42.48}更多关于结果映射请阅读“什么是结果映射?”章节。