在 Podman 中,查看容器状态是日常管理容器的基础操作,通过不同的命令可以从不同维度获取容器的运行状态、配置信息等细节。
Podman 中,通过 podman ps 命令来查看容器的状态,通过该命令的不同参数可满足不同场景需求。
命令格式:
podman ps [选项]
常用选项说明:
-a/--all:显示所有容器,包括运行中、已停止、已创建的状态。
-q/--quiet:仅输出容器 ID,适合批量操作(如批量停止容器)。
--filter/-f:按条件过滤容器,常见过滤项有 status(状态)、name(名称)、id(ID)。
--format:自定义输出格式,按需展示字段(如 ID、名称、状态、端口等)。
更多选项点击查看 podman ps 命令手册。
下面命令默认只显示当前处于运行中(Running) 的容器。
C:\Users\hxstr> podman ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 66c213f1729f docker.io/library/nginx:latest nginx -g daemon o... 46 hours ago Up 23 seconds 0.0.0.0:9000->80/tcp my-nginx e62eccbe38af docker.io/library/mysql:5.7 mysqld 24 hours ago Up 8 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql57 b6b36dffa6eb docker.io/library/redis:latest redis-server --ap... 24 hours ago Up 17 seconds 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp redis
输出字段说明:
CONTAINER ID:容器唯一标识(缩写)
IMAGE:容器使用的镜像
COMMAND:容器启动时执行的命令
CREATED:容器创建时间
STATUS:容器当前状态(如 Up 5 minutes 表示运行 5 分钟)
PORTS:容器映射的端口
NAMES:容器名称(自动生成或自定义)
如果你想查看所有容器,包含所有状态的容器。
C:\Users\hxstr> podman ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 42bb37ebdf0e registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8-micro:latest date 4 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago infallible_ishizaka 66c213f1729f docker.io/library/nginx:latest nginx -g daemon o... 47 hours ago Up 56 minutes 0.0.0.0:9000->80/tcp my-nginx 1562fbb28727 docker.io/library/eureka_server:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 292 years ago 0.0.0.0:8077->8077/tcp eureka-server 74e0d9680be2 docker.io/library/user_service:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago 0.0.0.0:7001->7001/tcp user-service1 6d7f4b8e618a docker.io/library/user_service:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago 0.0.0.0:7002->7002/tcp, 7001/tcp user-service2 84ea46e2c422 docker.io/library/user_service:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago 0.0.0.0:7003->7003/tcp, 7001/tcp user-service3 9f26781c8d4b docker.io/library/rabbitmq:3-management rabbitmq-server 25 hours ago Exited (0) 25 hours ago 0.0.0.0:5672->5672/tcp, 0.0.0.0:15672->15672/tcp, 4369/tcp, 5671/tcp, 15671/tcp, 15691-15692/tcp, 25672/tcp rabbitmq e62eccbe38af docker.io/library/mysql:5.7 mysqld 25 hours ago Up 56 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql57 b6b36dffa6eb docker.io/library/redis:latest redis-server --ap... 25 hours ago Up 56 minutes 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp redis 90ed851c9447 21 hours ago Exited (0) 20 hours ago f2ed6e60d822-infra a646a0c5ec88 quay.io/podman/hello:latest /usr/local/bin/po... 21 hours ago Exited (0) 21 hours ago gracious_lamport
此时会显示已停止的容器,状态可能为 Exited(正常退出)、Created(仅创建未启动)等。
有时你可能拥有非常多的容器,找到你想要的容器可能较麻烦,此时你可以使用 --filter 选项来过滤容器。
例如:根据状态过滤容器
# 仅查看运行中的容器(等同于 podman ps) C:\Users\hxstr> podman ps --filter "status=running" CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 66c213f1729f docker.io/library/nginx:latest nginx -g daemon o... 47 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9000->80/tcp my-nginx e62eccbe38af docker.io/library/mysql:5.7 mysqld 25 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql57 b6b36dffa6eb docker.io/library/redis:latest redis-server --ap... 25 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp redis # 仅查看已停止的容器 C:\Users\hxstr> podman ps -a --filter "status=exited" CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 42bb37ebdf0e registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8-micro:latest date 4 days ago Exited (0) 2 days ago infallible_ishizaka 1562fbb28727 docker.io/library/eureka_server:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 292 years ago 0.0.0.0:8077->8077/tcp eureka-server 74e0d9680be2 docker.io/library/user_service:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago 0.0.0.0:7001->7001/tcp user-service1 6d7f4b8e618a docker.io/library/user_service:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago 0.0.0.0:7002->7002/tcp, 7001/tcp user-service2 84ea46e2c422 docker.io/library/user_service:latest 25 hours ago Exited (0) 22 hours ago 0.0.0.0:7003->7003/tcp, 7001/tcp user-service3 9f26781c8d4b docker.io/library/rabbitmq:3-management rabbitmq-server 25 hours ago Exited (0) 25 hours ago 0.0.0.0:5672->5672/tcp, 0.0.0.0:15672->15672/tcp, 4369/tcp, 5671/tcp, 15671/tcp, 15691-15692/tcp, 25672/tcp rabbitmq 90ed851c9447 21 hours ago Exited (0) 20 hours ago f2ed6e60d822-infra a646a0c5ec88 quay.io/podman/hello:latest /usr/local/bin/po... 21 hours ago Exited (0) 21 hours ago gracious_lamport
如果你觉得 podman 默认输出的格式不是你想要的,你完全可以自定义输出格式。
# 仅显示容器 ID、名称、状态、启动时间
C:\Users\hxstr> podman ps -a --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.CreatedAt}}"
CONTAINER ID NAMES STATUS CREATED AT
42bb37ebdf0e infallible_ishizaka Exited (0) 2 days ago 2025-11-07 13:45:35.636915555 +0800 CST
66c213f1729f my-nginx Up About an hour 2025-11-10 11:45:08.997873652 +0800 CST
1562fbb28727 eureka-server Exited (0) 292 years ago 2025-11-11 09:49:24.577909033 +0800 CST
74e0d9680be2 user-service1 Exited (0) 22 hours ago 2025-11-11 09:51:35.707246043 +0800 CST
6d7f4b8e618a user-service2 Exited (0) 22 hours ago 2025-11-11 09:52:05.76810486 +0800 CST
84ea46e2c422 user-service3 Exited (0) 22 hours ago 2025-11-11 09:53:26.134986476 +0800 CST
9f26781c8d4b rabbitmq Exited (0) 25 hours ago 2025-11-11 10:12:20.047958858 +0800 CST
e62eccbe38af mysql57 Up About an hour 2025-11-11 10:19:05.661039813 +0800 CST
b6b36dffa6eb redis Up About an hour 2025-11-11 10:23:56.764157817 +0800 CST
90ed851c9447 f2ed6e60d822-infra Exited (0) 20 hours ago 2025-11-11 13:45:20.953015183 +0800 CST
a646a0c5ec88 gracious_lamport Exited (0) 21 hours ago 2025-11-11 13:45:20.988827585 +0800 CST更多关于 podman ps 命令的用法请参考 podman ps 命令手册。